Kusukela ngo-August kulo nyaka, u-anyanisi “wokudla kwezwe” wamaNdiya uye wabangela isiyaluyalu eNdiya. Emuva kokubambezeleka kokuvunwa kanye nokuncipha kokuhlinzekwa kwempahla okudalwe ukwanda kwenkathi yezimvula kulo nyaka, ukukhiqizwa kuka-anyanisi eNdiya kwehle kakhulu kulo nyaka, futhi inani lempahla lehle kakhulu ngo-35%, okuholele ekwenyukeni okukhulu kwamanani entengo. Abantu bahlupheka kakhulu kwaze kwadingeka bayeke ukudla u-anyanisi.
Kusukela ngo-August, intengo ka-anyanisi e-India ikhuphuke kancane kancane, isuka kuma-rupee angu-25 ngekhilogremu (cishe ama-yuan angu-2.5) ekuqaleni * ukuya kuma-rupee angu-60 kuya kwangu-80 ngekhilogremu (cishe ama-yuan angu-6 kuya kwangu-8) ngoNovemba kanye nama-rupees ayi-100 kuya kwangu-150 kilogram (cishe ama-yuan ayi-10 kuye kwayi-15) ngoDisemba. Ngonyaka odlule, lapho ukunikezwa kuka-anyanisi kwakwanele, intengo ka-anyanisi kwezinye izingxenye zaseNdiya yayicishe ibe yi-rupee eyodwa ngekhilogremu (cishe i-yuan engu-0.1).
Isakhamuzi saseNdiya sendawo: “kubiza kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi awufaki u-anyanisi ekuphekeni, kodwa ukupheka akunuki kahle.”
[ukusatshalaliswa komthelela] “inkinga ka-anyanisi” yabangela izinkinga zokuphila futhi yasakazekela eNingizimu ye-Asia
Amanani ka-anyanisi enyuke kakhulu. Uhulumeni waseNdiya umemezele ukuvalwa kokuthunyelwa kuka-anyanisi ngoSepthemba, okwaqala uchungechunge lwezinkinga zokuphila, futhi “inkinga ka-anyanisi” yaseNdiya nayo yathinta amazwe amaningi aseNingizimu Asia.
Kwamanye amadolobha aseNdiya, amanani ka-anyanisi aphindeke kathathu enyangeni edlule, okuyinto engabekezeleleki emindenini eminingi yamaNdiya. Ukukhuphuka kwentengo ka-anyanisi akugcini nje ngokusheshisa ukwehla kwamandla emali, kodwa futhi kubangela izinkinga eziningi zenhlalo, njengokweba nokulwa. Amaphoyisa ase-Uttar Pradesh, eNdiya, athole umbiko ekuqaleni kukaDisemba. Usomabhizinisi uthe iloli lika-anyanisi elisuka e-Maharashtra, e-India liya e-Uttar Pradesh, e-India lalingekho, futhi inani lempahla lalilinganiselwa ku-2 million rupees (cishe ama-yuan angu-200000). Amaphoyisa asheshe athola iloli, kodwa imoto yayingenalutho futhi umshayeli no-anyanisi emotweni bengekho.
Kukhona ukushoda kuka-anyanisi eNdiya. Uhulumeni waseNdiya omatasa wamemezela ngokuphuthumayo ngoSepthemba 29 ukuthi uzomisa konke ukuthunyelwa kuka-anyanisi, futhi wamemezela ngoNovemba 19 ukuthi uzokwengeza ukuvinjelwa kokuthumela ngaphandle kuze kube nguFebhuwari wonyaka ozayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuvinjelwa kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe akuphumelelanga nje kuphela ukumisa ukukhuphuka kwentengo ka-anyanisi e-India, kodwa futhi kwasabalalisa inkinga ka-anyanisi emazweni amaningi aseNingizimu Asia. I-India idayisa kakhulu u-anyanisi, kanti amazwe angomakhelwane njengeBangladesh neNepal angenisa u-anyanisi eNdiya. Ukuvinjelwa kokuthekelisa kuka-anyanisi e-India kwenza u-anyanisi wala mazwe wanda. UNdunankulu waseBangladesh waze wacela abantu ukuthi bayeke ukudla u-anyanisi.
Uhulumeni waseNdiya ulokhu ezama ukuxazulula inkinga ka-anyanisi ngokudayisa u-anyanisi ngentengo yomxhaso kwezinye izifundazwe, amise ukuthunyelwa kuka-anyanisi kwamanye amazwe, ukugawula ama-hoarders, nokuthenga u-anyanisi emazweni afana neTurkey ne-Egypt.
[ukufundwa okwandisiwe] u-anyanisi: “imifino yezepolitiki” yaseNdiya
E-India, u-anyanisi "yimifino yezombangazwe". Ngoba ukutholakala okwanele kuka-anyanisi kuthinta ukudla kwabantu kwansuku zonke kanye nezigidi zamavoti okhethweni lukazwelonke.
Isibonelo, kusukela ngo-1980, amanani ka-anyanisi enyuka, futhi abantu bakhononda ngakho ngenxa yokulawula okungekuhle kweqembu elibusayo i-Bharatiya Janata Party. Ngaleso sikhathi, u-Indira Gandhi, iqembu eliphikisayo likaKhongolose, wasebenzisa lesi simo, wafaka u-anyanisi emgexo entanyeni yakhe emkhankasweni wokhetho, futhi wamemeza isiqubulo esithi: “Uhulumeni ongakwazi ukulawula amanani ka-anyanisi akanawo amandla okulawula amandla. ”.
Okhethweni ngalowo nyaka, u-Indira Gandhi * wagcina ezuze ukwesekwa abavoti futhi waphinde wakhethwa njengondunankulu. Nokho, inkinga ka-anyanisi eNdiya ayikapheli. Izophinda cishe njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, okunomthelela kwezombusazwe zaseNdiya futhi kwenza osopolitiki baseNdiya bakhalele u-anyanisi njalo.
[isixhumanisi sezindaba] "inkinga ka-anyanisi" eyenza i-India ikhale njalo
U-Jayati gosh, uProfesa wezomnotho eNyuvesi yaseNehru eNdiya: “Ngokuthakazelisayo, u-anyanisi usuphenduke umshini wokulinganisa ipolitiki eNdiya, ngoba u-anyanisi udlala indima ebalulekile ekudleni kwamaNdiya. Akuyona nje isinongo noma imifino, kodwa isisekelo sokwenza ukhari, okufanayo ezweni lonke. Eqinisweni, okhethweni oluningi esikhathini esidlule, amanani ka-anyanisi abe isihloko esikhulu kakhulu sezombangazwe. ”
Ngo-Okthoba 1998, ukunyuka okukhulu kwamanani ka-anyanisi kwabangela imibhikisho emikhulu yasemgwaqweni kanye nokugetshengwa, okwaholela ngokuqondile ekunqotshweni kweqembu labantu baseNdiya okhethweni lomkhandlu wendawo olwalandela eNew Delhi naseRajasthan.
Ngo-Okthoba 2005, inani lika-anyanisi lenyuka lisuka kuma-rupee angu-15 ngekhilogremu laya kuma-rupee angu-30 laya kuma-rupee angu-35, kwaqala imibhikisho. Ngemuva kwalokho, uhulumeni waseNdiya wamemezela ukuthi uzongenisa amathani ayi-2000 namathani angama-650 ka-anyanisi eChina nasePakistan ngokulandelana. Lesi futhi isikhathi * emlandweni waseNdiya sokungenisa u-anyanisi ovela phesheya.
Ngo-Okthoba 2010, inkinga ka-anyanisi yaqala futhi. NgoNovemba, uhulumeni waseNdiya wamemezela ukuvimbela ukuthengiswa kuka-anyanisi futhi welula ukuvinjelwa unomphela ekupheleni kukaDisemba. Abaphikisi bethule amashumi ezinkulungwane zemibhikisho ngenkinga ka-anyanisi, ekhubaza izingxenye zeNew Delhi.
Esivunguvungwini sokukhuphuka kwentengo ka-anyanisi ngo-2013, intengo ka-anyanisi kwezinye izifunda yenyuka isuka ku-rs. 20 ngekhilogremu, cishe i-RMB 2, kuya ku-rs. 100 ikhilogremu ngayinye, cishe i-RMB 10. Abanye abantu baze bafaka icala elithinta umphakathi enkantolo ephakeme *, becela uhulumeni ukuba alawule intengo ka-anyanisi neminye imifino.
[ukuhlaziywa kwezindaba] izizathu “zenkinga ka-anyanisi” e-India
U-anyanisi kulula ukuwutshala, unesivuno esikhulu futhi ushibhile, othandwa kakhulu abantu baseNdiya. kodwa, ngobunikazi obukhethekile "bokudla kwezwe", kungani u-anyanisi wamaNdiya ephuma enkingeni njalo?
I-India inesimo sezulu esishisayo se-monsoon. Imvamisa, i-India inesizini esomile kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli, ilandelwa yinkathi yezimvula ngoJuni, imvula ikhuphuka ngoNovemba. Inkathi yemvula yokuqala noma yakamuva izoba nomthelela ekuvunweni kuka-anyanisi waseNdiya. Ngokwesibonelo, engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, isomiso esibi sithinte ukuvunwa * kwezikhathi zokuvuna eNdiya, futhi ukukhiqizwa kuka-anyanisi kwehle ngesigamu uma kuqhathaniswa no-2018. Esikhathini sesibili sokuvuna ngo-September, izimvula nezikhukhula zabangela umonakalo futhi ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo. Ama-anyanisi amaningi ayecwiliswe futhi abole emhlabathini ngaphambi kokukha. Ukunikezwa kuka-anyanisi kwehliswe kakhulu, okubangele ukunyuka okukhulu kwamanani.
E-India, u-anyanisi kufanele alayishwe, ahlukaniswe futhi apakishwe okungenani izikhathi ezine kusukela ekuqotshweni kuya ekufakweni kubhasikidi wemifino yabantu, okungagcini nje ngokunyusa izindleko, kodwa futhi kunezinga lokulahlekelwa elishaqisayo. Ukuncipha kwesisindo okubangelwa ukulimala okuphakathi nendawo noma ukomiswa kungaphezu kokukodwa kokuthathu. Umbiko ovela eBhange Elikhulu laseNdiya ukhombisa ukuthi cishe u-40% wezithelo nemifino yaseNdiya kubola ngaphambi kokuthi kudayiswe ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwezindawo zokuhamba nezokugcina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abahlaziyi baveze ukuthi abahwebi bangabazuzi abakhulu kulo lonke uchungechunge lwemboni yemikhiqizo yezolimo yaseNdiya. Ngaphansi kokuxhashazwa kwabahwebi, imali etholwa abalimi iye yehliswa nakakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-10-2021