Kuva muri Kanama uyu mwaka, igitunguru cy "ibiryo byigihugu" cyabahinde cyateje imvururu mubuhinde. Nyuma yo gutinda gusarurwa no kugabanuka kw'ibicuruzwa byatewe no kongera igihe cy'imvura muri uyu mwaka, umusaruro w'igitunguru mu Buhinde wagabanutse cyane muri uyu mwaka, kandi ibarura ryaragabanutse cyane ku kigero cya 35%, bituma ibiciro bizamuka cyane. Abantu barababajwe cyane kuburyo byabaye ngombwa ko bareka kurya igitunguru.
Kuva muri Kanama, igiciro cy'igitunguru mu Buhinde cyazamutse gahoro gahoro, kiva ku mafaranga 25 ku kilo (hafi 2,5) kilo (hafi 10 kugeza kuri 15) mu Kuboza. Umwaka ushize, igihe itunguru ryibitunguru ryari rihagije, igiciro cyibitunguru mubice bimwe na bimwe byu Buhinde cyari amafaranga 1 kuri kilo (hafi 0.1).
Umuturage wo mu Buhinde waho: “bihenze cyane. Rimwe na rimwe, ntushira igitunguru mu guteka, ariko guteka ntabwo bihumura neza. ”
[diffusion diffusion] "ikibazo cyigitunguru" cyateje ibibazo byimibereho kandi gikwira muri Aziya yepfo
Ibiciro byibitunguru byazamutse inzira yose. Muri Nzeri, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yatangaje ko ibuza kohereza ibitunguru byoherezwa mu mahanga muri Nzeri, byateje ibibazo byinshi by’imibereho, kandi “ikibazo cy’ibitunguru” cy’Ubuhinde nacyo cyagize ingaruka ku bihugu byinshi byo muri Aziya yepfo.
Mu mijyi imwe n'imwe yo mu Buhinde, ibiciro by'igitunguru byikubye gatatu mu kwezi gushize, bikaba bitakwihanganirwa ku miryango myinshi y'Abahinde. Kuzamuka kw'ibiciro by'igitunguru ntabwo byihutisha ifaranga gusa, ahubwo binatera ibibazo byinshi by'imibereho, nk'ubujura no kurwana. Abapolisi bo muri Uttar Pradesh, mu Buhinde, bakiriye raporo mu ntangiriro z'Ukuboza. Umucuruzi yavuze ko ikamyo y'ibitunguru yavuye i Maharashtra, mu Buhinde yerekeza muri Uttar Pradesh, mu Buhinde yabuze, kandi agaciro k'ibicuruzwa kari hafi miliyoni 2 (hafi 200000). Bidatinze abapolisi basanze ikamyo, ariko imodoka yari irimo ubusa kandi umushoferi n'ibitunguru byari mu modoka babuze.
Mu Buhinde habuze igitunguru. Guverinoma y'Ubuhinde ihuze cyane yatangaje byihutirwa ku ya 29 Nzeri guhagarika ibicuruzwa byose byoherezwa mu mahanga, kandi itangaza ku ya 19 Ugushyingo ko byongera ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kugeza muri Gashyantare umwaka utaha. Icyakora, guhagarika ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ntibyananiwe gusa guhagarika ibiciro by’igitunguru mu Buhinde, ahubwo byanakwirakwije ikibazo cy’igitunguru mu bihugu byinshi byo muri Aziya yepfo. Ubuhinde n’igihugu kinini cyohereza ibitunguru, kandi ibihugu bituranye nka Bangladesh na Nepal bitungisha ibitunguru biva mu Buhinde. Guhagarika ibitunguru byo mu Buhinde byatumye igitunguru cy’ibi bihugu kizamuka. Minisitiri w’intebe wa Bangladesh ndetse yahamagariye abaturage kureka kurya igitunguru.
Guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yagerageje gukemura ikibazo cy’igitunguru igurisha ibitunguru ku giciro cy’ingoboka mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, guhagarika ibitunguru byoherezwa mu mahanga, guhashya ububiko, no gutumiza ibitunguru mu bihugu nka Turukiya na Misiri.
[gusoma birambuye] igitunguru: Ubuhinde “imboga za politiki”
Mu Buhinde, igitunguru ni "imboga za politiki". Kuberako gutanga igitunguru gihagije bigira ingaruka kumirire yabantu ya buri munsi hamwe na miliyoni zamajwi mumatora rusange.
Kurugero, nko mu 1980, ibiciro byibitunguru byazamutse, abantu barabyinubira kubera kugenzura nabi ishyaka rya Bharatiya Janata riri ku butegetsi. Muri icyo gihe, Indira Gandhi, ishyaka rya Kongere ritavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, yifashishije icyo kibazo, yinjiza igitunguru mu ijosi mu ijosi mu gihe cyo kwiyamamaza, maze atera hejuru ati: “guverinoma idashobora kugenzura ibiciro by’igitunguru nta bubasha ifite bwo kugenzura ubutegetsi. ”.
Mu matora muri uwo mwaka, Indira Gandhi * yaje gutsindira abatora maze atorerwa kuba minisitiri w’intebe. Ariko, ikibazo cyibitunguru mubuhinde ntikirarangira. Bizasubiramo hafi buri myaka mike, bigira ingaruka kuri politiki yu Buhinde kandi bigatuma abanyapolitiki bo mubuhinde barira igitunguru kenshi.
[amakuru ahuza] "igitunguru cyigitunguru" gitera Ubuhinde kurira kenshi
Jayati gosh, umwarimu w’ubukungu muri kaminuza ya Nehru mu Buhinde: “igishimishije, igitunguru cyahindutse barometero ya politiki mu Buhinde, kubera ko igitunguru kigira uruhare runini mu mirire y’Ubuhinde. Ntabwo ari ibirungo cyangwa imboga gusa, ahubwo nibikoresho byibanze byo gukora curry, bikaba bimwe mugihugu cyose. Mubyukuri, mumatora menshi yashize, ibiciro byibitunguru byabaye ingingo nini ya politiki. ”
Mu Kwakira 1998, izamuka rikabije ry'ibiciro by'ibitunguru byateje imyigaragambyo nini yo mu muhanda ndetse n'ubujura, ibyo bikaba byaratumye ishyaka ry'Abahinde ryatsindwa mu matora y’inama njyanama yabereye i New Delhi na Rajasthan.
Mu Kwakira 2005, igiciro cy'ibitunguru cyazamutse kiva ku mafaranga 15 ku kilo kigera ku mafaranga 30 kigera ku mafaranga 35, bituma imyigaragambyo. Nyuma yaho, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yatangaje ko izatumiza toni 2000 na toni 650 z'igitunguru mu Bushinwa na Pakisitani. Iki nicyo gihe * cyamateka yu Buhinde gutumiza ibitunguru biva hanze.
Mu Kwakira 2010, ikibazo cy'igitunguru cyongeye kuvuka. Mu Gushyingo, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yatangaje ko ibuza kohereza ibitunguru byoherezwa mu mahanga kandi byongera igihe kitazwi mu mpera z'Ukuboza. Abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi batangije imyigaragambyo ibihumbi icumi binyuze mu kibazo cy’igitunguru, bimunga ibice bya New Delhi.
Muri serwakira izamuka ryibitunguru muri 2013, igiciro cyo kugurisha igitunguru mu turere tumwe na tumwe cyazamutse kiva kuri rs. 20 ku kilo, hafi y'amafaranga 2, kugeza kuri rs. 100 ku kilo, hafi y’amafaranga 10. Abantu bamwe ndetse batanze ikirego cy’inyungu rusange mu rukiko rukuru *, basaba leta kugena igiciro cy’ibitunguru n’izindi mboga.
[gusesengura amakuru] impamvu zitera “ikibazo cyigitunguru” mubuhinde
Igitunguru kiroroshye gukura, umusaruro mwinshi kandi uhendutse, ukundwa cyane nabahinde. ariko, hamwe nindangamuntu yihariye y "ibiryo byigihugu", kuki ibitunguru byo mubuhinde biva mubibazo kenshi?
Ubuhinde bufite ikirere gishyuha. Ubusanzwe, Ubuhinde bufite igihe cyizuba kuva muri Gashyantare kugeza muri Mata, hagakurikiraho igihe cy'imvura muri Kamena, imvura ikaba igeze mu Gushyingo. Igihe cyimvura itinze cyangwa itinze bizagira ingaruka kumusaruro wigitunguru cyu Buhinde. Kurugero, mu gice cya mbere cyuyu mwaka, amapfa akomeye yagize ingaruka ku musaruro w * ibihe by’isarura mu Buhinde, kandi umusaruro wigitunguru wagabanutseho kimwe cya kabiri ugereranije na 2018. Mu gihe cy’isarura rya kabiri muri Nzeri, imvura y’imvura n’umwuzure byangije kandi kugabanya umusaruro ku bihingwa. Ibitunguru byinshi byashizwemo kandi bibora hasi mbere yo gutoragura. Itangwa ry'igitunguru ryaragabanutse cyane, bituma izamuka rikabije ryibiciro.
Mu Buhinde, ibitunguru bigomba gupakirwa, gushyirwa mu byiciro no kubipakira byibuze inshuro enye kuva byatoranijwe bikabishyira mu gatebo k’imboga by’abantu, ibyo bikaba bitongera igiciro gusa, ahubwo bifite n’igihombo giteye ubwoba. Kugabanuka ibiro biterwa no kwangirika hagati cyangwa gukama birenze kimwe cya gatatu. Raporo yatanzwe na Banki Nkuru y'Ubuhinde yerekana ko 40% by'imbuto n'imboga byo mu Buhinde bibora mbere yo kugurishwa kubera ubwikorezi bubi n'ububiko. Byongeye kandi, abasesenguzi bamwe bagaragaje ko abunzi ari bo bungukirwa n’inganda zose z’ubuhinzi mu Buhinde. Mu gukoresha abahuza, amafaranga y’abahinzi yaragabanutse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-10-2021